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今天小编为大家分享的是研英语阅读C翻译详解,学习英语不是一日之功,需要每天的积累。希望通过这篇文章的学习对你们有所帮助,下面跟随小编一起学习吧。在这里小编先预祝大家考试顺利哦。
one.
Within the span of a hundred years, in the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries, a tide of emigration – one of the great folk wanderings of history – swept from Europe to America.
解析:1. 句子主干为“主谓”结构,即:a tide of emigration/ swept from Europe to America. 译为:一股潮由欧洲席卷至美洲。
2. “Within the span of a hundred years”和“in the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries”均为时间状语;“one of the great folk wanderings of history”为主语的同位语。
翻译:17世纪到18世纪初这一百年间,一股潮史上大规模的人口流动之一由欧洲席卷到美洲。
two.
(46)This movement, driven by powerful and diverse motivations, built a nation out of a wilderness and, by its nature, shaped the character and destiny of an uncharted continent.
解析:本句主语为this movement;and引导并列句,有两个谓语built、shaped;driven by powerful and diverse motivations作后置定语,修饰this movement。
翻译:受到各种强有力动机的驱使,这场运动在荒野中建立了一个新的国家;本质使然,它也塑造了一片未知大陆的性格和命运。
three.
(47)The United States is the product of two principal forces – the immigration of European peoples with their varied ideas, customs, and national characteristics and the impact of a new country which modified these traits.
解析:the immigration of和the impact of 属于并列结构的同位语,解释two principal;
本句中European peoples的意思为“欧洲种族”;
翻译:美国是两股主要力量结合的产物,它们分别为带有不同思想、习俗和民族特征的欧洲种族迁入,以及改变这些特征的新的国家的影响力。
four.
Of necessity, colonial America was a projection of Europe.
解析:本句主干为主系表结构,即:colonial America/ was /a projection of Europe。
翻译:不可避免地,北美殖民地成为欧洲的衍生物。
five.
Across the Atlantic came successive groups of Englishmen, Frenchmen, Germans, Scots, Irishmen, Dutchmen, Swedes, and many others who attempted to transplant their habits and traditions to the new world.
解析:本句为全倒装结构,即:地点状语 谓语动词 主语;即:Across the Atlantic/ came /successive groups of … and many others. “who”引导定语从句。
翻译:一批又一批英格兰人、法国人、德国人、苏格兰人、爱尔兰人、荷兰人 、瑞典人跨越大西洋来到美洲大陆,还有许多试图将他们的习惯和传统也带到这个新世界的人们。
six.
(48)But the force of geographic conditions peculiar to America, the interplay of the varied national groups upon one another, and the sheer difficulty of maintaining old-world ways in a raw, new continent caused significant changes.
解析:本句首先要明确主语和谓语,谓语是cause ,主语是三个以the开头的并列结构。of maintaining 是对the sheer difficulty 的修饰解释。old world 不能翻译成旧大陆,而是指欧洲大陆。
翻译:但是对于美洲特殊地理条件的作用力、不同族群之间的相互影响力,以及在一片荒蛮、全新大陆上保持欧洲生活方式的巨大困难,引发了影响深远的改变。
seven.
These changes were gradual and at first scarcely visible.
解析:首句主干为主系表结构,即:These changes /were/ gradual and scarcely visible. “at first”再次表“起初”之意。
翻译:这些变化是渐进的,起初几乎是不可见的。
eight.
But the result was a new social pattern which, although it resembled European society in many ways, had a character that was distinctly American.
解析:本句主干为主系表结构,即:the result/ was / a new social pattern,译为:(这些变化)终的结果是形成了一个新的社会模式。which引导定语从句,即:which has character that was distinctly American,其中that was distinctly American 为which引导的定语从句中嵌套的定语从句,修饰character; 整个定语从句译为:(这个社会)带有明显的美国特色。
翻译:但终却形成了一个新的社会模式,虽然这个社会模式在许多方面与欧洲社会很像,它还是带有显著的美国特色。
nine.
(49)The first shiploads of immigrants bound for the territory which is now the United States crossed the Atlantic more than a hundred years after the 15th-and-16th-century explorations of North America.
解析:本句的谓语是cross穿越,bound for是后置定语,修饰shiploads,整个定从到谓语之前结束,其中嵌套which引导的定从,修饰territory。more than后面引导时间状语从句,修饰cross这个行为。
翻译:在15—16世纪北美探险的一百多年后,首批满载的船只穿越了大西洋,这批船只驶向了现代美国的领土。
ten.
In the meantime, thriving Spanish colonies had been established in Mexico, the West Indies, and South America.
解析:本句为被动句,即:thriving Spanish colonies/ had been /established; in Mexico, the West Indies, and South America 为介词短语充当状语成分。
翻译:与此同时,强盛的西班牙早已在墨西哥、西印度群岛和南美洲建立起殖民地。
eleven.
These travelers to North America came in small, unmercifully overcrowded craft.
解析:本句为主谓结构,即:These travelers to North America /came; in small, unmercifully overcrowded craft 为方式状语;travelers 本意为旅行者,但结合前文的句子和these,译为“”更合适。
翻译:可怜的是,这些前往北美的们乘坐拥挤的小船漂洋过海。
twelve.
During their six- to twelve-week voyage, they survived on barely enough food allotted to them.
解析:本句主干为主谓宾结构,即:they /subsisted on/ barely enough food, 译为:“他们依靠有限的食物维持生存”或“供他们维持生存的食物勉强够”。during their six-to-twelve-week voyage 为时间状语; allotted to them 为food的后置定语,译为:分配给他们的食物。
翻译:在他们6到12周的航程中,分配给他们的食物少的也只够他们维持生存。
thirteen.
Many of the ships were lost in storms, many passengers died of disease, and infants rarely survived the journey.
解析:本句为三个简单句构成的并列句。
翻译:很多船遭遇风暴而沉没,许多人死于疾病,几乎没有婴幼儿能在这场旅程中存活下来。
fourteen.
Sometimes storms blew the vessels far off their course, and often calm brought unbearably long delay.
解析:1. 本句为and连接的并列句,前半句为主谓宾宾补结构,即:storms /blew/ the vessels/ far off their course; 难点主要在于熟词僻义,比如:course 一词在此表“航程、航线”之意而非“课程”。
2. 后半句为主谓宾结构,即:clam/brought / delay. 该句的翻译难点在于结合语境翻译才能说成人话,clam一词,本意为“平静”,航海中的“平静”译为“风平浪静”更好。
often calm brought unbearably long delay.
翻译:有时候,暴风雨会迫使船只偏离航线很远,而无风天气又会使航程无限地延长。
fifteen.
To the anxious travelers the sight of the American shore brought almost inexpressible relief. Said one recorder of events, “The air at twelve leagues’ distance smelt as sweet as a new-blown garden.”
解析:1. 该长难句由两部分构成,由“said one recorder of events”连接。
2. 前半句主干为主谓宾结构,即:the sight of the American shore/ brought /almost inexpressible relief.
3. 后半句主干为主系表结构,即:The air /smelt /as sweet as a new-blown garden; at twelve leagues’ distance 为The air的后置定语,译为:12里格开外的
翻译:“看到美洲的海岸给焦急的旅行者带来了难以形容的宽慰。”其中一名当事人这样写道:“12里格开外的空气闻起来就像鲜花盛开的花园那样清甜。”
sixteen.
The colonists’ first glimpse of the new land was a sight of dense woods.
解析:本句的主干为主系表结构,即:The colonists’ first glimpse of the new land/ was /a sight of dense woods;
翻译:首先映入这些殖民者眼帘的是新大陆的大片茂密树林。
seventeen.
(50)The virgin forest with its richness and variety of trees was a real treasure-house which extended from Maine all the way down to Georgia.
解析:句子主干为主系表结构,即:The virgin forest/ was/ a veritable treasure-house; 译为:这片原始森林是一个真正的宝库。with its richness and variety of trees 为the virgin forest 的修饰成分,译为:拥有大量各种数目的。. which extended from Maine all the way down to Georgia 为定语从句,修饰a veritable treasure-house, 该定语从句较长,可译为单句,即:它从缅因州往南(向下)一直延绵至佐治亚州。
翻译:这片拥有大量各种树木的原始森林是一个真正的宝库,它从缅因州往南一直延绵至佐治亚州。
eighteen.
Here was abundant fuel and lumber. Here was the raw material of houses and furniture, ships and potash, dyes and naval stores.
解析:本句是一个比较简单的排比结构。Here was … Here was … 形成排比。
翻译:这里有丰富的燃料和木材,为盖房、做家具、造船、钾碱、染料以及海军补给品提供了丰富的原材料。
单词整理.
colonial / klunil; NAmE -lou- / adj. 殖民的,殖家的
projection / prdekn / n. 投射,投影图
successive / sksesiv / adj. 连续的
attempt / tempt / vt. 试图,尝试
transplant / trnsplɑ:nt; trnz-; NAmE -plnt / vt. 移植
scarcely / skesli/ adv. 勉强,几乎不
resemble / rizembl / vt. 看起来像,显得像
character / krkt(r) / n. 品质,特征
distinctly / distiktli / adv. 截然不同地;显著地
thriving / θraivi / adj. 繁荣的;蒸蒸日上的;旺盛的
unmercifully /n'm:sifuli/ adv. 无情地
overcrowded / uvkraudid; NAmE ouvrk- / adj. 过于拥挤的
craft / krɑ:ft; NAmE krft / n. [C] 小船
词组整理.
In the meantime 于此同时
social pattern 社会模型,社会形式
Of necessity 必然地;不可避免地
bound for …前往……