详情
雅思语法预警:一定要警惕主谓一致的陷阱 ,很多同学在学习英语的时候也因为没有改变谓语动词的意识而导致丢分,那么,究竟如何避免主谓一致的陷阱呢?
学生作业中每每看到有同学将句子结构、句序或者从句的关系词终于选择正确了,但却败在了主谓一致上,我就由衷地觉得可惜。
主谓一致可以从四方面来理解:
1.语法一致;
比如:主语是单数,谓语动词就用单数;主语是复数,谓语动词就用复数。当然这只在现在时态,即一般现在时、现在完成时、现在完成进行时中体现。
2.意义一致;
这个主要是涉及到集体名词,比如audience;army;family;jury;stuff;crew;couple等,如果这类词意义上指整体的概念谓语就用单数,如果意义指具体成员则谓语动词就用复数。
如:
The population in this area is increasing very slowly.
One third of the population in this area are workers.
3.就近原则;
由or;either...or;neither...nor;not only…but also等词连接的名词或者代词作主语,谓语动词的单复数取决于与动词近的名词的单复数。
Neither you nor your friend is to blame.
4.就远原则;
由as well as;rather than; with;together with; in addition; combined with这几个词连接的名词或者代词作主语,谓语动词的单复数取决于这几个词前面的名词是单数还是复数。
The teacher rather than the students opens the door.
The students rather than the teacher open the door.
还有需要注意的是:
1.a series/line/group/list of 名词复数,谓语动词用单数
2.分数、百分数、part/rest/half 名词作主语,谓语动词的单复数取决于名词本身的单复数。
3.both of 名词复数,谓语用复数
4.each/neither/either/everything/anything作主语,谓语用单数